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Ten Bears
Ten Bears (Comanche ''Pawʉʉrasʉmʉnurʉ'') (ca. 1790-November 23, 1872), principal chief of the Yamparika or "Root Eater" division of the Comanche, ca. 1860-72. He was the leader of the Ketahto ("Don't Wear Shoes") local group of the Yamparika, probably from the late 1840s. The ethnonym (group name), Yamparika or "Root Eater" Comanche was known to the Spaniards of New Mexico as early as the 1750s, but until about 1790, they were generally north of the Arkansas River and so were seldom specifically mentioned in Spanish documents. After that time, with the advance of Cheyennes (Comanche: ''paka naboo'' 'striped arrows'), and Cuampes, likely Arapahos, some Yamparika local groups, including the Ketahto, relocated to the valley of the North Canadian River in New Mexico and Texas. == Early life == Ten Bears was orphaned as a baby when his family group was murdered by Lakotas.〔Attocknie, F. J. (n. d.) "The Life of Ten Bears." Manuscript.〕 Later Comanche oral history states that in his young adult years, he was noted for leading horse-mounted spear attacks on Lakota villages.〔
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